A NEW TEXTBOOK “SOCIAL STUDIES” FOR THE 12TH GRADE HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

Under the wise leadership of the Esteemed President Serdar Berdimuhamedov, independent and permanently neutral Turkmenistan is experiencing a period of dynamic social development, marked by large-scale transformations. At the core of these transformations lies the principle “The State is for the People!”, proclaimed by the National Leader of the Turkmen people and reaffirmed by President Serdar Berdimuhamedov’s words: “The Homeland is the Homeland only with its people. The State is the State only with its people,” which defines the key direction of state policy.

In the context of the active formation and development of civil society, the centuries-old national experience of popular governance is evolving. Elections to representative bodies of state power are held on an alternative and multiparty basis, which contributes to the development of democratic traditions. The principles of openness, transparency, and competitiveness are integral features of the electoral process. The multiparty system in the country functions successfully, including the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan, the Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs of Turkmenistan, and the Agrarian Party of Turkmenistan. The role of public organizations and civil associations in public life is increasing.

Recently, the State Publishing Service of Turkmenistan published a modern textbook Social Studies for the 12th grade of general education schools with Russian as the language of instruction (authors: P. Aidogdyev, Ya. Nuriyev, G. Khanov, Kh. Dzhumabaeva). The textbook covers a wide range of topics, starting with the role of the economy in society (economics, production, entrepreneurship), the analysis of economic systems (their characteristics, the role of the market and competition), and state economic policy (objectives, the state budget, Turkmenistan’s economic model).

It further examines the social sphere of society, including social structure, the formation of the middle class in Turkmenistan, family and society issues, social protection, the influence of demographic changes, aspects of nation development, and the role of youth in modern society.

Significant attention is devoted to the political life of society, including the concept of politics, political power, the state, political and electoral systems, as well as the specific features of Turkmenistan’s political system.

Separate chapters are devoted to the legal system and its role in society (the concept of law and legal norms), the rule-of-law state and civil society, as well as the country’s foreign policy and Turkmenistan’s role in the system of international relations.

The textbook concludes with a section on the interaction between society and nature, discussing the impact of humans on the environment and current ecological challenges.

This textbook is intended to form in students a holistic understanding of the socio-economic and political-legal processes taking place in Turkmenistan in the context of ongoing reforms and national priorities. Deep gratitude is expressed to the Esteemed President of Turkmenistan for his constant attention to the education sphere and for creating favorable conditions for its fruitful development.

Department for the Preparation of Textbooks and Publishing Works

Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan