A NEW TEXTBOOK " HISTORY OF TURKMENISTAN" FOR GRADE XII HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

The era of independence occupies a special place in the history of Turkmenistan. Each of its months and years is filled with fateful events. Therefore, new generations of Turkmen citizens must possess profound knowledge about the most important events of Turkmenistan’s modern history. In today’s world, young people need to know in which country they live and what makes their homeland unique compared to other countries of the world. This is one of the main tasks of patriotic education for the new generation.

Recently, the textbook “History of Turkmenistan” (author: Y.Orazklychev – A.: Turkmen State Publishing Service, 2025) was published for the 12th grade with Russian as the language of instruction in general education schools.

The textbook consists of two main sections:

The first section is devoted to the formation of the state and the beginning of socio-economic transformations. It covers topics such as fundamental changes in the fate of the nation, reforms in socio-political life, the economy, the social sphere, as well as in education, science, culture, arts, and foreign policy.

The second section describes a new stage of independent development, the deepening of reforms, and the transition to a market economy. It discusses socio-political life, the establishment of market relations, the socio-economic condition of society, the development of the humanitarian sphere, and foreign policy.

When writing the book, materials from official publications such as “Collection of Acts of the President of Turkmenistan and Decisions of the Government of Turkmenistan”, “Bulletin of the Mejlis of Turkmenistan”, as well as statistical data, information from the State News Agency of Turkmenistan, and the periodical press were used. Special importance is attached to the speeches and decisions of the National Leader of the Turkmen people, Hero-Arkadag, and the President of Turkmenistan, Arkadagly Hero Serdar. Their speeches and decisions were used to study and assess events, as well as to draw guidance from past experiences, current issues, and ways to solve them.

Textbook Preparation and Publishing Department

of the Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan