A TEXTBOOK “FUNDAMENTALS OF INFORMATICS” FOR GRADE 2 OF GENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS HAVE BEEN REPRINTED

Under the leadership of the esteemed President of Turkmenistan, Arkadagly Hero Serdar, the material and technical base of all schools in our country is being continuously strengthened. In particular, computers open a window to the vast world of the Internet — the world of creating digital images, texts, and performing various mathematical calculations.

Recently, the textbook “Fundamentals of Informatics” for Grade 2 students of general secondary schools with Russian as the language of instruction has been reissued (authors: L.Ruliyeva, V.Chernikova, J.Annamuradova, O.Mammetkulieva, Kh. Bayramova – Ashgabat: Turkmen State Publishing Service, 2025).

This textbook represents a specialized and systematic course aimed at teaching second-grade students the fundamentals of digital literacy. The structure of the textbook consists of seven thematic sections that sequentially present the key aspects of the subject.

At the beginning of the textbook, students learn the basic rules of safety when working with a computer and become acquainted with input and output devices. They then explore different types of information — graphical, textual, audio, and symbolic. Special attention is devoted to developing algorithmic thinking through the study of methods for recording algorithms and understanding their executors.\

The practice-oriented section focuses on mastering the Windows environment, working with the keyboard, and learning the basics of computer graphics, including editing drawings and performing operations with image fragments. The materials conclude with introductory concepts related to Internet use. Each section contains practical tasks and review questions, which contribute to effective consolidation of the studied material.

The textbook corresponds to the age characteristics of second-grade students and serves as a reliable foundation for their further in-depth study of informatics.

Department of Textbook Preparation and Publishing

Ministry of Education of Turkmenistan